The use of cloud computing technologies for digital transformation and innovation has become an essential step carried out by governments around the world, including Indonesia. The government of Indonesia (GoI) has introduced several policies to facilitate the country’s digital transformation agenda and improve the delivery of public services. The GoI issued Government Regulation No. 71 (GR 71) regarding Operation of Electronic System and Transaction in 2019 and introduced the Palapa Ring fibre-optic upgrade plan to form the backbone of the national telecommunications system. It has also announced a plan to develop Government Cloud or an integrated National Data Centre (NDC) (locally known as Pusat Data Nasional (PDN)), aiming to consolidate and streamlines various public service applications toward an electronic-based government system (Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE) or electronic government 
(e-government) system.